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Ehrlichia canis
''Ehrlichia canis'' is an obligate, intracellular bacterium that acts as the causative agent of Ehrlichiosis, a disease most commonly affecting canine species. This pathogen is present throughout the United States (but is most prominent in the South), South America, Asia, and Africa. First defined in 1935, ''E. canis'' emerged in the United States in 1963 and its presence has since been found in all 48 contiguous United States.〔 Reported primarily in dogs, ''E. canis'' has also been documented in felines and humans where it is transferred most commonly via ''Rhipicephalus sanguineus'', the brown dog tick.〔
== Transmission cycle ==
The brown dog tick, ''Rhipicephalus sanguineus'', acts as the primary vector of ''E. canis'' transferring the pathogen between hosts during blood meals. Dogs, both domestic and wild, act as reservoir hosts for this pathogen and are the primary hosts of brown dog ticks. Brown dog ticks become carriers of the pathogen when they take a blood meal from a rickessemic dog. Stored in the midgut and salivary glands of an infected tick, ''E. canis'' is transferred via the saliva of ticks carrying the pathogen to hosts during blood meals.〔 If infected while in the larval stage, the tick retains the pathogen through the next 2 life stages and can inoculate hosts during blood meals in both the nymph and adult stage in transstadial transmission.〔
Because the vector of ''E. canis'' uses canine species as a primary host, this bacteria is most commonly associated with dogs but multiple human cases have been reported. Cats, though rarely, have been discovered with antibodies to ''E. canis'' implying that they too can potentially contract the infection.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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